Judging Computation: Calculation and Judgement in Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is now seen to be one of the most important global challenges of the 21st century. The rising policy importance of this challenge is demonstrated by President Biden’s Executive Order on AI and the UK government’s AI Summit at Bletchley Park , both in 2023. These moments raise important issues directly by exploring the foundational concepts of “judgement” and calculation” in relation to understanding the grounding of the idea of artificial intelligence and machine learning from their early formation. The question I want to look at here is not only how can we understand better the historical and theoretical ideas of artificial intelligence, but how can we offer a response to an implicit notion of a decision-making capacity, often deployed in explaining artificial intelligence, even today. The importance and timeliness of these questions are highlighted by the rapid deployment of AI systems and the public concern with bias , transparency , responsibility an
